Could it be asbestos exposure?

* FACT: It is estimated that more than a million schools in the US contain some form of asbestos even today.Asbestos comes from Greek and means ‘inextinguishable’. This ‘miracle mineral’ is naturally tough and 100% fire resistant, which accounts for its overwhelming popularity in the period between the late 1800s and late 1900s. During this time, asbestos found its way into most of the materials lying around us from pipes to buildings, kitchens, fire-proof curtains, coffee pots, burner pads and ovens. However, by the late 1900’s, enthusiasm for asbestos was on the verge of a huge decline.

In the 1970’s, surveys began to show that asbestos could kill. When asbestos is exposed to heat, friction or damage, it does not break but simply releases microscopic fibers that are about one-tenth the thickness of a strand of hair. Human beings exposed to asbestos breathe the fibers which are floating freely in the air. Once the fibers get inside the body, they cling to the lining of the lungs and cause a number of deadly diseases like mesothelioma, which is one of the leading causes of painful death in people who have been exposed to asbestos dust.

* FACT: In the last 100 years, more than 35 million tons of asbestos went into building homes, commercial buildings, shipyards, fireproof materials and industrial sites. Quite a good percentage of this is still in use.

What makes asbestos exposure difficult to detect is the simple fact that exposure does not lead to disease directly. Diseases related to asbestos exposure remain dormant for about 15-20 years. In case of mesothelioma, the lag period may even go up to 30-45 years. This means that a person exposed to the deadly fiber may start developing symptoms well after retirement or after they are past the age of gainful employment.

Another alarming feature of asbestos fiber is its portability. Microscopic fibers attach themselves tenuously to hair, skin, clothing and shoes. Thus, people who work around asbestos often act as free agents, carrying the deadly dust with them and subjecting others in the family to lethal diseases through secondary exposure.

Most people who die of exposure leave huge debts due to the expensive treatment they have undergone. This is where asbestos cancer lawyers can help. While nothing can bring back a dead person, asbestos cancer lawyers can assure that the person undergoing the disease gets proper treatment and that his near and dear ones are looked after, in case of death.

* FACT: Every year, approximately 2000-3000 new cases of mesothelioma are reported in the US alone

Asbestos related diseases can bring your life to a sudden full stop, and nothing can ward off the pain that lies ahead. However, an experienced asbestos cancer lawyer can help you meet the financial burden this dreaded condition brings. If you suspect that you or anyone in your family may have been exposed to the deadly dust, you need to contact an asbestos cancer lawyer immediately.

About the Author

Asbestos Exposure Lawyers - With over 51 years of legal experience, Shelton Law Group has helped thousands of individuals and families who have been affected by toxic product exposures like mesothelioma, asbestos and benzene to receive the compensation they are owed.

The Relation Between Asbestos Exposure And Mesothelioma Lung Cancer

An understanding of asbestos is necessary before we try to understand mesothelioma lung cancer. Asbestos, a natural fibrous mineral, used commonly in construction process and manufacturing industries is detrimental to human health. Continuous inhalation of its fibers enhances the susceptibility to respiratory disorders and can lead to many dangerous diseases. A leading example of such dangerous disease is Mesothelioma lung cancer. Actually, mesothelioma lung cancer is misnomer because mesothelioma cancers affect the lining of lungs (pleura) and abdomen and not the lungs. Since mesothelioma cancers mostly affect the lining of the lungs, it is generally called mesothelioma lung cancer. The workers who had worked in industries such as shipbuilding, asbestos mining, and asbestos production are vulnerable to mesothelioma cancers.Mesothelioma and the Role of Carcinogens:

What is mesothelioma cancer and how does the lining of the lung become cancerous? Cancer is a tumor that is malignant in nature. Tumor is formed when there is abnormal cell division and cell multiplication in the cancerous cells. Exposure to carcinogens or cancer-causing material like cigarette smoke, asbestos and silica dust is instrumental in this abnormal cell division and formation of tumor.

Mesothelioma cancer is directly linked to asbestos exposure. However, those already exposed to asbestos have a greater chance of developing lung cancer if they are exposed to other carcinogens such as cigarette smoke. A study reports that the workers with a history of asbestos exposure and cigarette smoke are more prone to lung cancer than the non-smokers and those with no history of asbestos exposure.

Complications Associated with Mesothelioma Cancer:

Normally, the latency stage for asbestos-related diseases in general and mesothelioma cancers of the lining of lung in particular, 20-50 years, which makes detection of Mesothelioma a complicated issue. This situation is further aggravated particularly where the worker is also addicted to cigarette smoking. By the time, the disease shows its symptoms, a considerable exposure to additional carcinogens linked to cigarette smoking has already taken place. This makes a worker more vulnerable to lung cancer besides the vulnerability to mesothelioma cancers.

Mesothelioma Cancers and Legal Redress:

The Government is conscious of the ill effects of asbestos exposure and the seriousness of mesothelioma cancer. The employees working in factories with significant risk of asbestos exposure are eligible for Mesothelioma compensation, if the exposure is the cause of Mesothelioma. There has been a spate of lawsuits for seeking compensation for mesothelioma and lung cancers. In many cases, the courts have awarded heavy sums as compensation against the asbestos manufacturing companies. Did you find this article useful? For more useful tips and hints, points to ponder and keep in mind, techniques, and insights pertaining to cancer, do please browse for more information at our websites.

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Mesothelioma Exposure could be fatal

Recently, asbestos was found at an elementary school in Michigan when construction workers unearthed an unanticipated sub-floor made of asbestos in the floor of the school’s cafeteria.Unexpected sightings of asbestos still continue to worry people all over the US. And their worry is not misplaced because asbestos is a deadly carcinogenic. Inhaling or ingesting the needle-like fibers can lead to diseases like asbestosis and mesothelioma. Already, there are between 2000 and 3000 reported cases of mesothelioma in the US alone.

The use of asbestos was particularly popular in the mid to late 1900s, before it was finally banned in the US. Thousands of construction workers, drywallers, people working in the shipping industry, firefighters, cementers, refinery workers, and other people who worked with asbestos in its heyday are at risk of developing symptoms in the next 10-15 years. A recent study indicated that the number of mesothelioma cases in the US is set to show a steady increase till 2020. This could be because of the inherent nature of mesothelioma, in which symptoms manifest themselves only 20-40 years after exposure.

It is to be remembered in this connection that much of the suffering and pain caused by mesothelioma could have been avoided. Despite plenty of evidence, many companies downplayed the risk of exposure from asbestos. They continued to manufacture products made of asbestos on the one hand and on the other, did not offer enough protection to their employees.

For the thousands of people who have developed mesothelioma due to various reasons, there is some glimmer of hope. Qualified mesothelioma exposure attorneys with experience in handling mesothelioma litigation can help victims and their families cope with the disease in a better and more dignified manner. Appropriate compensation will not only help victims meet medical expenses but will also cover any potential loss of income. In case of death, compensation will help take care of the family of the victim.

Anyone who believes that they may have been exposed to loose asbestos in whatever concentration and at any time in the past must see a doctor. They must also consult with a mesothelioma exposure attorney so they can find out if they are eligible for compensation. Asbestos attorneys with ample experience in representing families can help you bring about a satisfactory mesothelioma settlement.

Mesothelioma cancer is a deadly disease and nothing can diminish the pain and suffering that the disease brings with it. However, a mesothelioma exposure attorney can help you and your family manage the financial burden that the disease may place on you. Further, it also brings about a sense of justice by teaching employers that they cannot take the health of their employees for granted.

About the Author

Mesothelioma Exposure Lawyers - With over 51 years of legal experience, Shelton Law Group has helped thousands of individuals and families who have been affected by toxic product exposures like mesothelioma, asbestos and benzene to receive the compensation they are owed.

Learning About Mesothelioma And Asbestos Exposure

With regard to the cancer known as mesothelioma and asbestos as the cause, it is a tumor that shows up most in the mesothelial cells of an organ. The heart, lungs and abdominal organs are the ones most likely to be affected. Pleural mesothelioma is the most common form of this cancer and it affects the lining of the lungs.Exposure to roofing, ceiling and floor tiles, along with pipes, insulation and other materials used in construction before the 1970s is the most common cause of this cancer. All of those materials contained asbestos fibers, which are now known to be toxic. Automobile brakes contain asbestos and mechanics are at risk for developing the cancer as well.

The rule for determining the possibility of a person’s chance of developing mesothelioma is dependent on the time they were exposed. It also is dependent on the amount of exposure.

It is hard to pin down, as mesothelioma affects do not show up for a long time. The average latency period seems to be somewhere around 35 to 40 years after the last exposure to products containing asbestos.

The symptoms of mesothelioma cancer can start to show up gradually. Chest pain and back pain are the most common complaints at the beginning. Fever, difficulty breathing and weight loss are symptoms that will probably bring the patient to the doctor for a diagnosis. The unfortunate part is that once mesothelioma shows itself, the progression of the disease is swift.

Prompt and aggressive treatment is necessary for a good outcome. There are several treatments available for mesothelioma. These include chemotherapy, radiation and surgery. The key is to catch the disease in its early stages, which will increase the patient’s chance of survival. If you have developed mesothelioma and asbestos exposure was the cause, then you should alert your doctor as soon as possible.

It has been proven in asbestos cases in court that building product manufacturers knew of the deadly health risks of asbestos, yet continued to sell it and not provide a warning to the consumer or the worker. Because of this fact, many people who would otherwise be deemed healthy have contracted mesothelioma cancer.

After a patient is diagnosed with mesothelioma and asbestos exposure, manufacturers are mandated to provide compensation. Those eligible to make application for and receive this compensation include the families (spouses and children) of those who died from the disease before this mandate was handed down.

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Educate yourself further about mesothelioma and asbestos from Mike Selvon articles portal. Your feedback is valued and appreciated at our asbestos removal blog where a free audio gift awaits you.

Asbestos Exposure And Lung Cancer

In the UK, asbestos accounts for 2—3% of male lung cancer deaths. There is a complementary effect between tobacco smoking and asbestos in the formation of lung cancer. Asbestos can also cause cancer of the pleura, called mesothelioma (which is different from lung cancer)People who work with asbestos have a higher risk of getting lung cancer. People exposed to industrial substances or building materials such as asbestos, nickel, chromium compounds, arsenic, polycyclic hydrocarbons and chloromethyl ether also have a higher risk of developing lung cancer. It is also important to try to avoid second-hand tobacco smoke, radon, and pollution, which can increase a person’s risk of getting lung cancer.

People who have been exposed to asbestos will only diagnosed with lung cancer twenty to thirty years down the road. If you suspect that you may be exposed to the hazards listed above, look out for symptoms that are associated with lung cancer.

* dyspnea (shortness of breath) * hemoptysis (coughing up blood) * chronic coughing or change in regular coughing pattern * wheezing * chest pain or pain in the abdomen * cachexia (weight loss) * fatigue and loss of appetite * sphonia (hoarse voice) * clubbing of the fingernails (uncommon) * dysphagia (difficulty swallowing) * repeated chest infections * asthma * fluid around the lung * swelling in the neck or face * lethargic

Some lung cancers do not cause any noticeable symptoms until they are quite advanced and have spread to other parts of the body.  By the time people have symptoms, lung cancer is generally at stage four, having already spread to another major organ.

Additional symptoms that may also occur with lung cancer includes: < * Swallowing difficulty * Nail problems * Joint pain * Facial paralysis * Eyelid drooping * Bone pain or tenderness.

About the Author

Lung cancer is the #1 killer of men and women in the United States.Visit http://www.AsbestosLungCancerTreatment.com for the latest information on lung cancer and how to reverse lung cancer using gentle, alternative methods.

Texas County Inundated with Asbestos Exposure Risks

Texas County Inundated with Asbestos Exposure Risks

Although Hurricane Ike hit nearly a month ago, residents of Galveston and the surrounding Texas counties are still suffering from lingering affects of the destruction including potential exposure to asbestos fibers.

According to the International Herald Tribune, following the hurricane, homes and roads were left with debris as well as a toxic sludge made of mud, human waste, lead, gasoline and asbestos in the wake of floodwaters, which have since receded. The potential for these fibers to dry and become airborne may be serious and could cause an increased risk of mesothelioma cancer among hurricane victims as well as nearby residents because of asbestos exposure.

What is Asbestos Exposure?

When asbestos fibers are disturbed they can become airborne causing individuals within the vicinity to inhale the fibers, which can cause the formation of cancerous cells within the lining of the lungs. For years an exposed individual can live and behave as normal while the cancer remains dormant. However, once the symptoms begin to show, a victim usually has little success at treating the condition and the survival rate shrinks increasingly.
According to the National Cancer Institute (NCI), when these mesothelioma symptoms begin to develop, they can include:
* shortness of breath
* pain in the chest because of an accumulation of fluid
* weight loss
* abdominal pain
* bowel obstruction
* blood clotting abnormalities
* anemia
* fever

Diagnosing Mesothelioma Cancer

Unfortunately, mesothelioma cancer is considered such a rare condition, that it is often misdiagnosed for other similar diseases. The best way to diagnose mesothelioma cancer is to immediately speak with a medical professional upon any indication that exposure to asbestos has occurred. The individuals affected by debris from Hurricane Ike as well as those affected by any additional natural disasters, which may have left toxic materials behind, should contact their physician to set up a mesothelioma screening. According to the England center for cancer research, Cancer Research UK, a number or all of the following procedures will likely be administered to narrow down the likelihood of a mesothelioma diagnosis:

* general physician examination
* blood tests
* chest X-ray or abdominal X-ray
* CT scan of chest/abdomen to determine swelling in body organs/lymph nodes
* biopsy of the pleura is done, also known as a thoracoscopy, in which a small incision is made the chest wall in which a video camera is inserted
* fluid drainage, also known as the thoracocentesis or abdoparacentesis), will help to relieve fluid from around the lugs or abdominal cavity for those with peritoneal mesothelioma

Uses for Asbestos
Asbestos has been classified as a human carcinogen because of the scarring of tissue and inflammation it can cause among its victims. Asbestos is a prevalent threat in America because of its extensive use and availability during the 20th century.
For example, the NCI reports that from the late 1800s and through World War II, asbestos was mined and sold for commercial use in an array of industries and products including:
* building and construction
* strengthening cement and plastics
* insulation
* roofing
* fireproofing
* sound absorption
* shipbuilding
* insulate boilers
* steam pipes
* hot water pipes
* vehicle brakeshoes
* vehicle clutch pads
* ceiling
* flooring
* paints/coatings
* tile
* adhesives
* plastics
* gardening materials
* talc-containing crayons

By the end of the 1970s after millions, potentially billions, of tons of asbestos had been used in products as well as homes, apartments, hospitals and elementary schools throughout America, the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) finally banned the use of new asbestos in products and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) took responsibility for ensuring proper cleanup is used to remove asbestos, which still remains a threat to many Americans today.

Professional Mesothelioma Assistance
As millions of individuals remain potentially at risk for asbestos exposure across America it becomes important to be self-educated on the condition, its symptoms as well as diagnosing steps. Additionally, it is advisable for an infected individual to also seek legal counsel for a potential Mesothelioma lawsuit, which may be able to retrieve compensatory damages in the form of money in order to provide relief to a mesothelioma victim who may be more concerned with paying expensive medical bills associated with treating their disease than fighting the cancer. Most legal consultations are free, which allows an individual to better understand the development of a mesothelioma case.

About the Author

Peter Kent is the best-selling author of 50 books and hundreds of articles for magazines and newspapers. He manages Legalview.com, a website hosting a variety of information on legal issues, including Mesothelioma

Essential Facts of Mesothelioma and Asbestos Exposure

Despite the efforts of numerous health agencies throughout the world in trying to educate the public on the definition and effects of mesothelioma, it is unfortunate that there still exist a large majority of the local population in trying to comprehend such efforts. With this article, I hope that certain facts can be spelt out much more clearly in as simple terminology as possible.To start off, mesothelioma is a rare form of cancer in which malignant or cancerous cells are found in the mesothelium, a protective sac that covers most of our body’s internal organs. At present, statistics have proven that a majority of people who suffer from mesothelioma, have had first contact with materials known as asbestos, in the course of their work or exposure.

Mesothelioma (or cancer of the mesothelium) is a disease in which cells of the mesothelium become abnormal and divide without control or order. The known effect is that invasion and damage to nearby tissues and organs can occur. The cancer cells can also spread from their original location to other parts of the body. And very often, mesothelioma begins in the pleura or peritoneum. The pleura is the membrane that typically surrounds the lungs and lines the wall of the chest cavity, while the peritoneum is the tissue that covers most of the organs in the abdominal cavity. In addition, the pericardium covers and protects the heart, while the tissue surrounding the male internal reproductive organs is called the tunica vaginalis testis. For the female, this will be known as the tunica serosa uteri.

While it has been reported specifically in the United States alone that the occurrence of mesothelioma has been at a rate of 2000 cases per year in the last 20 years, there maybe more unreported cases that have gone undetected and therefore, not captured within official records. Typically, mesothelioma affects mainly the male gender, but although (as mentioned above) this form of cancer has affected mainly those in direct contact with asbestos material in the course of their work, there have also been occurrences to those who have had no direct exposure to asbestos.

Before we go on further, we need to be clear on where asbestos comes from. Essentially, asbestos refers to a group of minerals that occur naturally as masses of strong, flexible fibers that can be separated into thin threads and woven. Asbestos is often found in construction related materials such as cement, roofing materials, flooring products, etc. How asbestos gets into the human system, is when during the manufacturing process, where there is no strict control on the handling process, the particles generated from asbestos will float in the air and maybe inhaled by individuals, thus causing serious health problems. This therefore gives rise to other forms of cancer and one of them, mesothelioma.

Historically, mesothelioma was discovered particularly after the World War Two, as part of the industrialization process and increased war efforts. Millions of Americans were believed to have been exposed to asbestos dust particles in their course of work. And when these folks return home to their loved ones, it is believed that the dust particles which had remained on their work attires were subsequently inhaled by their family members, thus creating a form of “cross contamination” effect. While the occupational safety and health act today has restricted the amount of asbestos workers can be exposed to, the risk has obviously not been fully mitigated and the occurrence of mesothelioma is still possible.

To minimize exposure as well as cross contamination, workers in such industries should change out before leaving their workstations and showering. This concept is similar to exposure during a chemical fallout where the process of decontamination is deployed.

For more information, do visit our resource link.

About the Author

Gary is currently in the homeland security industry and has come across occupational hazards within specific industries. For more information, visit: http://www.bizenginesite.com/lawyers

The Risks of Mesothelioma Asbestos Exposure

Asbestos is the biggest work place killer today. Those who have worked with asbestos or who are regularly in contact with someone who has are at risk from asbestosis, lung cancer and mesothelioma. All these are fatal respiratory diseases which are extremely difficult to cure.Some building materials that may contain asbestos materials are vinyl floor tiles; patching compounds textured paints, furnace and stovepipe, insulation, stove door gaskets, roofing shingles, cement, and siding material.Asbestos was most commonly used until early 1970s in various home appliances, such as toasters, clothes dryers, and hair dryers.

Mesothelioma is a rare form of cancer of the Pleura (lung cancer) and Peritoneum (abdomen cancer). Mesothelioma has been shown to have a strong association with the crocidolite variety of asbestos. Pleural mesothelioma, the most common manifestation of asbestos exposure, is well-circumscribed plaques of dense collagen, often containing calcium. Peritoneum Mesothelioma may or may not contain asbestos bodies and rarely do they occur in persons who have no history or evidence of asbestos exposure.

Following people are more vulnerable to Asbestos-related diseases:

Works in industries and mines Construct Buildings Make ceilings Perform Ceiling insulation

Apart from these persons all other persons who live in houses having asbestos contaminated building material or are involved in use or repair of appliances and products that contain asbestos can also contact asbestos diseases. This makes asbestos home testing a necessary process for all homes that are built before 1980s and all the people who are using appliances and or products that could contain asbestos materials.

Health Hazards Of Asbestos

Undamaged Asbestos cannot cause any health hazards.

The risk of Mesothelioma is reported to be high in those cases where occupational exposure to asbestos is combined with cigarette smoking. Mesothelioma usually does not appear until after 5 to 10 years of exposure. Mesothelioma causes mechanical irritation and in the advanced cases, there may be symptoms of clubbing of fingers, and cardiac distress. The survival time of Mesothelioma patients is generally ranges from 12 months to 2 years of diagnosis and very few survive longer than 2 years.The following measures can be useful in preventing occurrences of Mesothelioma.

There are no safe levels of asbestos exposure and even short-term exposure to asbestos creates a possibility of your catching any disease caused by asbestos.

Removing Asbestos From Home

It is not advisable to perform an asbestos test in your home. You need qualified professional to test the presence of asbestos in your home. Asbestos abatement is the process of determining the status of asbestos material and taking corrective measures for preventing risk of asbestos exposure. It is not necessary that you have to remove all the asbestos material from your home. You can also opt for economic measures such as enclosures and encapsulation for preventing the risk of asbestos exposure even without removing the Asbestos Containing Materials.

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Find the latest information on Asbestos visit Asbestos Related Disease as well as Mesothelioma Asbestos Exposure

ALABAMA (AL) mesothelioma lawyers, attorneys and law firms Directory

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ASBESTOS Q & A ASBESTOS Faqs ASBESTOS Questions and Answers Asbestos Information Asbestosis Info Mesothelioma Texas Attorneys

  1. What is asbestos?
    • Chrysotile, or white asbestos;
    • Crocidolite, or blue asbestos;
    • Amosite, which usually has brown fibers; and
    • Anthophyllite, which usually has gray fibers.
  2. Asbestos” is the name given to a group of minerals that occur naturally as bundles of fibers which can be separated into thin threads. These fibers are not affected by heat or chemicals and do not conduct electricity. For these reasons, asbestos has been widely used in many industries. Four types of asbestos have been used commercially:

    Chrysotile asbestos, with its curly fibers, is in the serpentine family of minerals. The other types of asbestos, which all have rod-like fibers, are known as amphiboles.

    Asbestos fiber masses tend to break easily into a dust composed of tiny particles that can float in the air and stick to clothes. The fibers may be easily inhaled or swallowed and can cause serious health problems.

    Comment: Mesothelioma can be caused by exposure to all types of asbestos.

  3. How is asbestos used?

    Asbestos was mined and used commercially in North America beginning in the late 1800s. Its use increased greatly during World War II. Since then, it has been used in many industries. For example, the building and construction industry has used it for strengthening cement and plastics as well as for insulation, fireproofing, and sound absorption. The shipbuilding industry has used asbestos to insulate boilers, steampipes, and hot water pipes. The automotive industry uses asbestos in vehicle brakeshoes and clutch pads. More than 5,000 products contain or have contained asbestos. Some of them are listed below:

    • Asbestos cement sheet and pipe products used for water supply and sewage piping, roofing and siding, casings for electrical wires, fire protection material, electrical switchboards and components, and residential and industrial building materials;
    • Friction products, such as clutch facings, brake linings for automobiles, gaskets, and industrial friction materials;
    • Products containing asbestos paper, such as table pads and heat-protective mats, heat and electrical wire insulation, industrial filters for beverages, and underlying material for sheet flooring;
    • Asbestos textile products, such as packing components, roofing materials, and heat- and fire-resistant fabrics (including blankets and curtains); and
    • Other products, including ceiling and floor tile; gaskets and packings; paints, coatings, and adhesives; caulking and patching tape; artificial ashes and embers for use in gas-fired fireplaces; plastics; vermiculite-containing consumer garden products; and some talc-containing crayons.

    In the late 1970s, the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) banned the use of asbestos in wallboard patching compounds and gas fireplaces because the asbestos fibers in these products could be released into the environment during use. Additionally, asbestos was voluntarily withdrawn by manufacturers of electric hair dryers. In 1989, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) banned all new uses of asbestos; uses established prior to 1989 are still allowed.

    The EPA has established regulations that require school systems to inspect for damaged asbestos and to eliminate or reduce the exposure to occupants by removing the asbestos or encasing it. In June 2000, the CPSC concluded that the risk of children’s exposure to asbestos fibers in crayons was extremely low. However, the U.S. manufacturers of these crayons agreed to reformulate their products within a year. In August 2000, the EPA recommended that consumers reduce possible asbestos exposure from vermiculite-containing garden products by limiting the amount of dust produced during use. The EPA suggested that consumers use vermiculite outdoors or in a well-ventilated area; keep vermiculite damp while using it; avoid bringing dust from vermiculite use into the home on clothing; and use premixed potting soil, which is less likely to generate dust.

    The regulations described above and other actions, coupled with widespread public concern about the hazards of asbestos, have resulted in a significant annual decline in U.S. use of asbestos: Domestic consumption of asbestos amounted to about 719,000 metric tons in 1973, but it had dropped to about 9,000 metric tons by 2002. Asbestos is currently used most frequently in gaskets and in roofing and friction products.

  4. What are the health hazards of exposure to asbestos?

    Exposure to asbestos may increase the risk of several serious diseases:

    • Asbestosis-a chronic lung ailment that can produce shortness of breath, coughing, and permanent lung damage;
    • Lung cancer;
    • Mesothelioma-a relatively rare cancer of the thin membranes that line the chest and abdomen; and
    • Other cancers, such as those of the larynx, oropharynx, gastrointestinal tract, and kidney.
  5. Who is at risk?

    Nearly everyone is exposed to asbestos at some time during their life. However, most people do not become ill from their exposure. People who become ill from asbestos are usually those who are exposed to it on a regular basis, most often in a job where they work directly with the material or through substantial environmental contact.

    Since the early 1940s, millions of American workers have been exposed to asbestos. Health hazards from asbestos fibers have been recognized in workers exposed in shipbuilding trades, asbestos mining and milling, manufacturing of asbestos textiles and other asbestos products, insulation work in the construction and building trades, brake repair, and a variety of other trades. Demolition workers, drywall removers, and firefighters also may be exposed to asbestos fibers. As a result of Government regulations and improved work practices, today’s workers (those without previous exposure) are likely to face smaller risks than did those exposed in the past.

    Although it is known that the risk to workers increases with heavier exposure and longer exposure time, investigators have found asbestos-related diseases in individuals with only brief exposures. Generally, those who develop asbestos-related diseases show no signs of illness for a long time after their first exposure. It can take from 10 to 40 years for symptoms of an asbestos-related condition to appear.

    There is some evidence that family members of workers heavily exposed to asbestos face an increased risk of developing mesothelioma. This risk is thought to result from exposure to asbestos fibers brought into the home on the shoes, clothing, skin, and hair of workers. This type of exposure is called paraoccupational exposure. To decrease these exposures, people exposed to asbestos at work are required to shower and change their clothing before leaving the workplace.

  6. How great is the risk?

    Not all workers exposed to asbestos will develop diseases related to their exposure. The risk of developing asbestos-related diseases varies with the type of industry in which the exposure occurred and with the extent of the exposure. Asbestos that is bonded into finished products such as walls and tiles poses no risk to health as long as it is not damaged or disturbed (for example, by sawing or drilling) in such a way as to release fibers into the air. When asbestos fibers are set free and inhaled, however, exposed individuals are at risk of developing an asbestos-related disease.

  7. How does smoking affect risk?

    Many studies have shown that the combination of smoking and asbestos exposure is particularly hazardous. Smokers who are also exposed to asbestos have a greatly increased risk of lung cancer. However, smoking combined with asbestos exposure does not appear to increase the risk of mesothelioma.

    There is evidence that quitting smoking will reduce the risk of lung cancer among asbestos-exposed workers. People who were exposed to asbestos on the job at any time during their life or who suspect they may have been exposed should not smoke. If they smoke, they should stop.

  8. Who needs to be examined?

    Individuals who have been exposed (or suspect they have been exposed) to asbestos fibers on the job or at home via a family contact should inform their physician of their exposure history and any symptoms. Asbestos fibers can be measured in urine, feces, mucus, or material rinsed out of the lungs. A thorough physical examination, including a chest x-ray and lung function tests, may be recommended. It is important to note that chest x-rays cannot detect asbestos fibers in the lungs, but they can help identify any lung changes resulting from asbestos exposure. Interpretation of the chest x-ray may require the help of a specialist who is experienced in reading x-rays for asbestos-related diseases. Other tests also may be necessary.

    As noted earlier, the symptoms of asbestos-related diseases may not become apparent for many decades after exposure. If any of the following symptoms develop, a physical examination should be scheduled without delay:

    • Shortness of breath;
    • A cough or a change in cough pattern;
    • Blood in the sputum (fluid) coughed up from the lungs;
    • Pain in the chest or abdomen;
    • Difficulty in swallowing or prolonged hoarseness; and/or
    • Significant weight loss.

  9. How can workers protect themselves?

    Employers are required to follow regulations dealing with asbestos exposure on the job that have been issued by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), the Federal agency responsible for health and safety regulations in maritime, construction, manufacturing, and service workplaces. The Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) enforces regulations related to mine safety. Workers should use all protective equipment provided by their employers and follow recommended work practices and safety procedures. For example, National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)-approved respirators that fit properly should be worn by workers when required.

    Workers who are concerned about asbestos exposure in the workplace should discuss the situation with other employees, their employee health and safety representative, and their employers. If necessary, OSHA can provide more information or make an inspection. Regional offices of OSHA are listed in the “United States Government” section of telephone directories’ blue pages (under “Department of Labor”). Regional offices can also be located at http://www.osha-slc.gov/html/RAmap.html on the Internet, or by contacting OSHA’s national office at:

    Organization: Office of Public Affairs
    Occupational Safety and Health Administration
    U.S. Department of Labor
    Address: Room N-3647
    200 Constitution Avenue, NW.
    Washington, DC 20210
    Telephone: 202-693-1999
    1-800-321-6742 (1-800-321-OSHA)
    TTY (for deaf or hard of hearing callers): 1-877-889-5627
    Internet Web site:
    http://www.osha.gov/as/opa/worker/index.html(Worker’s Page)

    Mine workers may contact:

    Organization: Office of Information and Public Affairs Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA)
    U.S. Department of Labor
    Address: 23rd Floor
    1100 Wilson Boulevard
    Arlington, VA 22209-3939
    Telephone: 202-693-9400
    Internet Web site:

    The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) is another Federal agency that is concerned with asbestos exposure in the workplace. The Institute conducts asbestos-related research, evaluates work sites for possible health hazards, and makes exposure control recommendations. In addition, NIOSH distributes publications on the health effects of asbestos exposure and can suggest additional sources of information. NIOSH can be contacted at:

    Organization: Information Resources Branch
    National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
    Address: Robert A. Taft Laboratories
    Mailstop C-18
    4676 Columbia Parkway
    Cincinnati, OH 45226-1998
    Telephone: 1-800-356-4674 (1-800-35-NIOSH)
    E-mail: pubstaft@cdc.gov
    Internet Web site:
    http://www.cdc.gov/niosh

  10. Will the Government provide examinations and treatment for asbestos-related conditions? What about insurance coverage?

    Medical services related to asbestos exposure are available through the Government for certain groups of eligible individuals. In general, individuals must pay for their own medical services unless they are covered by private or Government health insurance. Some people with symptoms of asbestos-related illness may be eligible for Medicare coverage. Information about benefits is available from the Medicare office serving each state. For the telephone number of the nearest office, call toll-free 1-800-633-4227 (1-800-MEDICARE) or visit http://www.medicare.gov on the Internet.

    People with asbestos-related diseases also may qualify for financial help, including medical payments, under state workers’ compensation laws. Because eligibility requirements vary from state to state, workers should contact the workers’ compensation program in their state. Contact information for the workers’ compensation program in each state may be found in the blue pages of a local telephone directory or at http://www.dol.gov/esa/regs/compliance/owcp/wc.htm on the Internet.

    If exposure occurred during employment with a Federal agency (military or civilian), medical expenses and other compensation may be covered by the Federal Employees’ Compensation Program. Workers who are or were employed in a shipyard by a private employer may be covered under the Longshoremen and Harbor Workers’ Compensation Act. Information about eligibility and how to file a claim is available from:

    Organization: Office of Worker’s Compensation Programs
    Employment Standards Administration
    U.S. Department of Labor
    Address: Room S-3229
    200 Constitution Avenue, NW.
    Washington, DC 20210
    Telephone: 202-693-0040
    E-mail: OWCP-Mail@dol-esa.gov
    Internet Web site:
    http://www.dol.gov/esa/owcp_org.htm

    Workers also may wish to contact their international union for information on other sources of medical help and insurance matters.

    Eligible veterans and their dependents may receive health care at a Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) Medical Center. Treatment for service-connected and nonservice-connected conditions is provided. If the VA cannot provide the necessary medical care, they will arrange for enrolled veterans to receive care in their community. Information about eligibility and benefits is available from the VA Health Benefits Service Center at 1-877-222-8387 (1-877-222-VETS) or on the VA Web site at http://www.va.gov/health_benefits on the Internet.

  11. Is there a danger of nonoccupational exposure from the environment and products contaminated with asbestos fibers?

    Asbestos is so widely used that the entire population has been exposed to some degree. Air, drinking water, and a variety of consumer products all may contain small amounts of asbestos. In addition, asbestos fibers are released into the environment from natural deposits in the earth and as a result of wear and deterioration of asbestos products. Disease is unlikely to result from a single, high-level exposure, or from a short period of exposure to lower levels of asbestos.

  12. What other organizations offer information related to asbestos exposure?

    The organizations listed below can provide more information about asbestos exposure.

    The Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) is responsible for preventing exposure, adverse human health effects, and diminished quality of life associated with exposure to hazardous substances from waste sites, unplanned releases, and other sources of pollution present in the environment. The ATSDR provides information about asbestos and where to find occupational and environmental health clinics. The ATSDR Information Center can be reached at:

    Organization: Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry Division of Toxicology
    Address: Mailstop E-29
    1600 Clifton Road, NE.
    Atlanta, GA 30333
    Telephone: 404-498-0160
    1-888-422-8737 (1-888-42-ATSDR)
    E-mail: ATSDRIC@cdc.gov
    Internet Web site:
    http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov

    The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) regulates the general public’s exposure to asbestos in buildings, drinking water, and the environment. The EPA’s Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) Assistance Information Service, or TSCA Hotline, can answer questions about toxic substances, including asbestos. Printed material is available on a number of topics, particularly on controlling asbestos exposure in schools and other buildings. The EPA’s Asbestos and Vermiculite Home Page has suggestions for homeowners who suspect asbestos in their homes, lists laws and regulations applicable to asbestos, and links to the Agency’s findings on asbestos exposure at the World Trade Center and the Pentagon. Questions may be directed to:

    Organization: TSCA Assistance Information Service
    U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
    Address: Mailcode 74080
    401 M Street, SW.
    Washington, DC 20460
    Telephone: 202-554-1404
    TDD: 202-554-0551
    E-mail: tsca-hotline@epa.gov
    Internet Web site:
    http://www.epa.gov/asbestos/

    The U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) is responsible for the regulation of asbestos in consumer products. The CPSC maintains a toll-free information line on the potential hazards of commercial products; the telephone number is 1-800-638-2772. In addition, CPSC provides information about laboratories for asbestos testing, guidelines for repairing and removing asbestos, and general information about asbestos in the home. Publications are available from:

    Organization: Office of Information and Public Affairs
    U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission
    Address: 4330 East-West Highway
    Bethesda, MD 20814-4408
    Telephone: 1-800-638-2772
    TTY (for deaf or hard of hearing callers): 1-800-638-8270
    E-mail: info@cpsc.gov
    Internet Web site:
    http://www.cpsc.gov

    Information about asbestos is also available from the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Web site at http://www.hhs.gov/news/press/2001pres/20010916a.html on the Internet. In addition, people can contact their local community or state health or environmental quality department with questions or concerns about asbestos.

    Materials about cancer and how to quit smoking are available by calling the Cancer Information Service (CIS) (see below).

References:

Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (September 2001). Asbestos. Retrieved March 5, 2003, from: http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/ToxProfiles/phs9004.html”.

Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (November 25, 2002). Asbestos: Health Effects of Exposure to Asbestos. Retrieved March 5, 2003, from: www.atsdr.cdc.gov/asbestos/asbestos_effects.html.

Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (November 2000). Case Studies in Environmental Medicine: Asbestos Toxicity. Retrieved August 21, 2003, from: www.atsdr.cdc.gov/HEC/CSEM/asbestos/index.html.

Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (September 11, 2001). ToxFAQ’s for Asbestos. Retrieved March 5, 2003, from: www.atsdr.cdc.gov/tfacts61.html.

DeVita VT, Hellman S, Rosenberg SA. Etiology of Cancer: Physical Factors. In: Ullrich, R. Cancer principles & practice of oncology. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2001.

Dollinger M, Jahan T, Rosenbaum EH, Jablons D. Mesothelioma. In: Dollinger M, Rosenbaum EH, Tempero M, Mulvilhill SJ. Everyone’s guide to cancer therapy: how cancer is diagnosed, treated, and managed day to day. 4th ed. Kansas City, MO: Andrews McMeel Publishing, 2002.

Hillerdal G. Mesothelioma: cases associated with non-occupational and low dose exposures. Occupational and Environmental Medicine. 1999;56(8):505-13.

National Cancer Institute. Cancer Rates and Risks, 4th ed. NIH Publication No. 96-691, 1996.

National Cancer Institute. What You Need To Know About™ Cancer of the Larynx. NIH Publication No. 95-1568, 1995.

National Cancer Institute. What You Need To Know About™ Kidney Cancer. NIH Publication No. 96-1569, 1996.

National Cancer Institute. What You Need To Know About™ Lung Cancer. Publication No. 99-1553, 1999.

National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (August 14, 2000). Asbestos. Retrieved March 5, 2003, from: www.niehs.nih.gov/external/faq/asbestos.htm.

National Toxicology Program. 10th Report on Carcinogens. Research Triangle Park (NC): National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Public Health Service, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 2002. Available online at http://ehp.niehs.nih.gov/roc/toc10.html.

U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (June 13, 2000). CPSC Releases Test Results on Crayons. Retrieved March 5, 2003, from: www.cpsc.gov/CPSCPUB/PREREL/prhtml00/00123.html.

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (January 6, 2000). Asbestos Containing Materials. Retrieved March 5, 2003, from: www.epa.gov/earth1r6/6pd/asbestos/asbmatl.htm.

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (November 8, 2000). Asbestos in Your Home. Retrieved March 5, 2003, from: www.epa.gov/iaq/pubs/asbestos.html.

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (June 14, 2001). The Asbestos Informer. Retrieved March 5, 2003, from: www.epa.gov/region04/air/asbestos/inform.htm.

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (August 2000). Sampling and Analysis of Consumer Garden Products That Contain Vermiculite. Retrieved March 5, 2003, from: www.epa.gov/asbestos/vermiculite.pdf.

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (August 2000). Fact Sheet: Asbestos-Contaminated Vermiculite. Retrieved June 25, 2003, from www.epa.gov/asbestos/vermfacts.pdf.

U.S. Geological Survey (March 2001). Some Facts About Asbestos. Retrieved March 5, 2003 from: http://pubs.usgs.gov/fs/fs012-01/.

Virta, RL. Asbestos. Mineral Commodity Summaries. U.S. Geological Survey Minerals Information. Retrieved March 5, 2003, from: http://minerals.usgs.gov/minerals/pubs/commodity/asbestos/070303.pdf.

Sources of National Cancer Institute Information:

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